Claw toes and hammer toes are conditions that involve abnormal bending or curling of the toes. They can be caused by a variety of factors, including genetics, muscle imbalances, nerve damage, or wearing ill-fitting shoes. While I can provide some general suggestions, it's important to consult with a medical professional for an accurate diagnosis and personalized treatment plan. There are a number of things that can be done to help these types of problems. Strengthening and stretching exercises can help improve muscle balance and flexibility in the toes. These exercises may involve manually straightening the toes or using props like toe separators or resistance bands. Physical therapy can be beneficial in guiding you through these exercises. Wear shoes that provide ample room for the toes and have a wide toe box. Avoid high heels, tight shoes, and pointed toe shoes that can exacerbate toe deformities. Look for shoes with cushioning and arch support to reduce pressure on the toes. Custom-made orthotic inserts or toe splints can be used to help realign the toes and provide support. These toe straighteners are often worn inside shoes and are designed to hold the toes in a corrected position. Soft padding or moleskin can be used to alleviate discomfort and protect the affected toes from rubbing against the inside of the shoes. Additionally, taping the toes can provide support and promote proper alignment. Over-the-counter pain relievers like acetaminophen or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) can help manage pain and inflammation. In some cases, corticosteroid injections may be prescribed to alleviate pain and reduce swelling.
Toe splints or braces are designed to straighten and support the toes. They are typically worn at night and can help gradually correct toe deformities over time. When conservative measures fail to provide relief, or if the toe deformity is severe and causing significant pain or difficulty with walking, surgery may be considered. Surgical options depend on the specific condition and may involve releasing or lengthening tendons, removing bone, or fusing joints. Consult a podiatrist or orthopedic specialist, who can evaluate your hammer toe or claw toe condition and provide appropriate advice based on your specific circumstances.